Ford Pinto Case Study Essay - 797 Words

Amanda Nevill Pinto Case Study February 6, 2012 1. Put yourself in the role of the recall coordinator for Ford Motor CO. It’s 1973, and field reports have been coming in about rear-end collisions, fires, and fatalities. You must decide whether to recall the automobile. A. Identify the relevant facts. In August of 1978 three teenage girls were driving a Ford Pinto and were struck from behind. The three girls died because the Ford Pinto’s fuel tank ruptured from the collision and burst into flames. There was a big debate about the safety of the Ford Pinto to its proneness to its fuel tank catching on fire in low-speed rear-end†¦show more content†¦Ford convinced NHTSA that cost/benefit analysis would be appropriate for determining not to change the fuel tank. The costs were eleven dollars per fuel tank to change which ended up equaling 137.5 million dollars. This number is very large and much bigger than the benefit if they would have not changed it, which was 49.5 million dollars. B. Identify the pertinent ethical issues and points of ethical conflict. All of the relevant facts discussed above lead to many ethical issues. Ford was aware of the problem with the gas tank leaking and could have changed it before others died from their mistakes. Putting a price value on a life to beat the Japanese in the small car market is unethical. Safety should be a company’s number one priority, not beating the completion. There was a legal issue of NHTSA and Ford. Ford was aware that the fuel tanks were not working correctly but did nothing to change it because the NHTSA, at the time, had no laws against it. C. Identify the relevant affected parties. a. Customers (Ford’s victims) b. Drivers of Pinto c. Ford Employees d. Manufactures of Ford e. Suppliers of Ford f. Dealers of Ford g. Stockholders h. NHTSA The customers (drivers of Ford) are the number one stakeholders that lost the most. They might not have lost much money or reputations, but they lost the one thing that you can never get back, their life.Show MoreRelatedCase Study: Ford Pinto598 Words   |  2 PagesCase study: Ford Pinto The actions of the Ford Motor Company during the manufacturing of its infamous Pinto vehicle are an illustration of how a negative organizational culture can impede clear thinking, even amongst highly-accomplished executives. Ford wished to create a vehicle that was inexpensive for consumers, but early tests of the Pinto showed that the Pinto had a tendency to blow up upon rear impact. Redesigning the vehicle would mean a long and costly delay, and Ford did not think itRead MoreFord Pinto Fires Case Study and Executive Summary Essay1208 Words   |  5 PagesFord Pinto Fires Case Study and Executive Summary John Bonner, Scotti Greenleaf, Rose Scarbrough MGT216 University of Phoenix October 18, 2010 Sarah Nelson Ford Pinto Fires Case Study and Executive Summary Introduction During the Late 1960’s the Ford Motor Company was one of the leading auto manufactures in the United States. Ford was credited with revolutionizing the muscle car era of the 1950’s and 1960’s. During the mid 1960’s Lee Iacocca helped Ford establish itself in the late 1960’sRead MoreFord Pinto Paper1349 Words   |  6 PagesFord Pinto Case Study The Ford pinto lasted from the 1960’s to the late 1970s and was highly controversial. This poorly made automobile came from a production race between the USA and Japan, where the United States promised an affordable, fuel efficient, and reliable car. Because of the hasty production, it left Ford with a flawed, dangerous, and untested product. The outrage over the obvious safety flaws of the Ford Pinto caused leaders to call upon their values, mission statement, and ethicsRead MoreFord Pinto Ethics Essay1660 Words   |  7 PagesFord Pinto Case: The Invisible Corporate Human Pricetag In this essay, I will argue that Ford Motor Company’s business behavior was unethical as demonstrated in the Ford Pinto Case. Ford did not reveal all the facts to consumers about a harmful gas tank design in the Ford Pinto. They tried to justify their decision to sell an unsafe car by using a Cost-Benefit Analysis which determined it was cheaper to sell the cars without changing to a safer gas tank. The price of not fixing the gas tanksRead MoreCase Study Pinto681 Words   |  3 Pages1. What moral issues does the Pinto case raise? I think Pinto case raised some serious issue of abusing human rights and not behaving ethically in the world of business. Any business/service should never ever put a value on human life and not take consideration of a known deadly danger. Ford had an option as well as the solution to design the car in a way that prevented cars from exploding; however they refused to implement it.    They thought that it was cost effective not to fix dangerous conditionRead MoreFord Pinto953 Words   |  4 PagesResponsible Commerce (COMM 101) Case 2.3 (The Ford Pinto) Week 4 1. What moral issues does the Pinto case raise? Moral issues that Ford Pinto case raises included producing dangerous products which are not safe to use it without informing the dangerous of the products to the public. In addition, lobbying the NHTSA to delay the safety measure of the products is also one of the moral issues that Ford Pinto case raises. (53 words) 2. Suppose Ford officials were asked to justifyRead MoreEthical Review Of The 1971 Ford Pinto1139 Words   |  5 PagesEthics/MGMT-368 September 6, 2014 Ethical Review of the 1971 Ford Pinto In the mid to late 1960’s American automobile manufacturing was being dominated by Japanese imports. These imports, smaller in size than the domestic vehicles at the time, offered an economical and dependable alternative to what American automobiles offered. In order to remain competitive with these Japanese imports Ford chief executive officer Lee Iacoca instructed the Ford manufacturing company to come up with a vehicle for theRead MoreComm 101984 Words   |  4 PagesCase Study 2.3 1. What moral issues does the Pinto case raise? The moral issues about the Ford Pinto is that they take their profit is more important than human life. They also did not inform the consumer about the facts of the Pinto. Lastly, they also lobbied the safety of the car to lowest standard (Shaw, Barry amp; Sansbury 2009, pp 97-99). ï ¼Ë†44 wordsï ¼â€° 2. Suppose Ford officials were asked to justify their decision. What moral principles do you think they would invoke? Assess Ford’sRead MoreThe Ford Production Of Ford Pinto994 Words   |  4 PagesThe Ford automobile company began producing the Ford Pinto line up in 1968. The Chief Executive Officer (CEO) at the time of the pinto production was Lee Iacocca. The reason for the decision to mass produce the pinto in a short amount of time is because American automobiles were losing market share to smaller Japanese imports. Lee Iacocca wanted his engineers to design and manufacture a compact car that weighed less than 2,000 pounds and cost less than 2,000 dollars. Because of this monumental taskRead MoreLearning Team Assignment: Case Study Discussion Executive Summary1420 Words   |  6 PagesLearning Team Assignment: Case Study Discussion Executive Summary MGT/216 University Of Phoenix Learning Team Assignment: Case Study Discussion Executive Summary In 1968 the Ford Motor Company decided to introduce a new subcompact car to compete with foreign imported vehicles in the subcompact category. The Vice-President of Ford at the time Lee Iacocca felt that in order to grab a larger share of the market Ford must remain competitive and a decision on putting money before human

Patrick Bateman in American Psycho - A Freudian Analysis

Character Description Patrick Bateman was a young, white, ivy leagued male who worked on Wall Street in the 1980s era of self indulgence and materialism. He was driven to be perfect and to be the best at everything he does no matter what the cost. Material things meant more to Patrick than life itself which was clearly stated in the movie. Patrick was vain and self absorbed person who treated his body like a temple. He spent his days and nights doing vigorous workouts, mergers and acquisitions on Wall Street, fine dining with beautiful ladies and satisfying an insatiable and uncontrollable lust for torture and murder in the big apple. Patrick Bateman was the ultimate serial killer who killed victims from all walks of life such as†¦show more content†¦According to Freud, this is one of the main indicators that a person can have as a result of a phallic fixation. Patricks conscience obviously did not play a role in his actions because he appeared to feel no remorse or concern afterwards - only contentment and a sense of impatience for the next time that he could kill again. Why Patrick lacked this conscience is anyones guess, but Freud might say that it could be traced back to the beginning stages of personality development, particularly at the Latency Stage when morals and values are developed. There seemed to be nothing in Patricks head that talked sense or reason into him to prevent his unconscious urges from rising to the surface possibly because he had not learned them during the Latency Stage of development. Freud might say that Patrick hit a roadblock during this stage of development due to his own self described depersonalization and failure to feel compassion or empathy for others (Harron, 2000). Patricks values and beliefs all seemed to orbit around materialism, perfection, wealth, power and greed which can be developed at this stage and can provide problems in adulthood if the values and morals are not developed at this time. The movie is based on a character from the 1980s when many people were thinking individualistically and were very materialistic in nature (Putman, 2000). Perhaps Patrick was simply a product of his environment or perhaps it was a combination of a

Fiduciary Duties and Regulatory Rules

Question: Discuss about the Fiduciary Duties and Regulatory Rules. Answer: Introduction Federal court of Australia adjudged in favour of Citigroup Global markets Australia Pty Limited (Citigroup) in civil proceedings brought by Australian Securities and Investment Commission (ASIC). Citigroup conducted business through various divisions. Departments involved in the present case were, first investment banking where employees were known as private side employees because they held sensitive information of the business and second equity trading employees were known as public side employees. The two departments are segregated from each other by a barrier known as Chinese wall so as to restrict flow of information. (Stringer and Harkness 2007) Present case arose when in the year 2005; Toll Holding ltd. employed Citigroup so as to advise them over Tolls proposed takeover bid of Patrick Corporation Ltd. amounting to A$4.6 billion. The parties entered into a mandate letter with regards to the provisions of these advisory services. Citigroups investments banking division provided extensive advice to Toll over a period of 8 months. The day on which Toll was to present his bid for Patrick, a proprietary trader of the equity trading department purchased significant amount of Patrick shares on account of Citigroup. (Carvalho 2008) The investment baking and the advising board were on the private side of the business hence they were aware of inside information during the course of their employment whereas the proprietor was in the public side department. Private side employees came to know about the proprietary trading of Patricks shares and for the said reason they had certain communication with the head of equities, then the head of equities had a conversation with the proprietary trader and asked him to stop buying Patricks shares. The proprietary trader under the impression that Citigroup would be overexposed sold 20% of Citigroups shareholding within a fraction of 20 minutes before the trade was closed. (Jacobson 2007) Breach of duty by Citigroup: ASIC Claim ASIC pursued a claim against Citigroup in Sydney courts, irrespective of the fact that Toll did not raise any claim. Claims raised by ASIC are as follows: (Seeto 2008) Citigroup had established fiduciary relationship with Toll by virtue of being an advisor, and by purchasing Patricks shares it has breached fiduciary duty obligations bestowed upon him by virtue of Section 912A(1) of the Corporations Act, 2001. it has also been alleged that Citigroup got engaged in unconscionable conduct which allowed arise of conflict of interest resulting in breach of Section 12CA(1) of the Australian Securities and investments Commission Act, 2001 Citigroup has acted in contravention of provision mentioned in Section 1043A of the Corporations Act, 2001. The bank has also contravened Section 12DA of the Australian Securities and investments Commission Act, 2001, by placing reliance on two facts, first that the sale of 20% of Citigroup shareholding at the time of possession of inside information constituted insider trading and second they challenged the restriction on flow of information by Chinese wall (Melbourne Law School 2017) which Citigroup had in place. ASICs (ASIC 2007) claim were based on the contention that: Fiduciary relationship imposes a strict duty of loyalty; common law courts have for the said reason restricted to apply fiduciary relationship principle on commercial transactions. But it cannot be asserted that fiduciary relationship does not exist in commercial transactions at all, it may exist where the fiduciary is entrusted to act in a manner which is in the best interest of the beneficiary. ASIC asserted that there existed a fiduciary relationship between Toll and Citigroup by placing reliance on the fact that where investment banks when carrying advisory functions act as fiduciaries, as there is a fiduciary relationship between the advisor and his clients.( Ritchie 2008) ASIC contented that Citigroup has failed to fulfill its role as a fiduciary in three ways: first, as it breached the no conflict rule laid in Section 912A(1) (aa) of the corporations Act, 2001 wherein the financial services licensee is obligated to have adequate arrangements for managing conflict of interest, here Citigroups own interest conflicted with Tolls interest, as the Patricks share prices were low before Toll announced its takeover bid and Citigroup was earning profit by transacting in Patricks shares. Share prices of Patricks shares rose up to 15% due to traders sale of 20% shares of Citigroup and for the said reason Toll had to buy shares at an inflated price. Second, the no profit rule has been breached by Citigroup by not accounting to Toll for the profits it made by transacting in Patricks shares. Third, the principle of good faith has been breached as Citigroup acted in a manner which was not in the best interest of Toll, which the former was obligated to being in the position of fiduciary. Section 1042G of the Corporations Act, 2001 implies the fact that the knowledge of body corporate is consonant with the knowledge of its officers. Interpretation to this section is that the knowledge of the officer (Section 9 of the Corporations Act, 2001) is the knowledge of the corporation. ASIC placed reliance on this section to assert that Citigroup is guilty of insider trading by selling almost 200,000 shares while in possession of the inside information that Citigroup was advising Toll on its takeover bid. (Allens 2007) Another claim of insider trading was based on the fact that the Chinese wall placed by Citigroup was not sufficient to manage conflict. Denied existence of fiduciary relationship Jacobson J adjudged that Citigroup had excluded fiduciary duty, he owed to Toll. Fiduciary duty can be modified or excluded by fiduciary either by contracting for the same or by consent. In common parlance the duty of a fiduciary is delimited by engagement letters. The mandate letter entered into by Citigroup and Toll expressly mentions that Toll would engage Citigroup as an independent contractor and not in any other capacity including as a fiduciary and Citigroup may provide services to other parties with conflicting interests. (Ferguson Ma 2014) Hence on the basis of the foresaid mentioned mandate letter clauses the court concluded that Citigroup has excluded its fiduciary duty. For arriving at this conclusion Jacobson J heavily relied on an English Law commission report 1995 (LAW COM No 236 1995) wherein the law commission arrived at a conclusion that despite of the fact that contractual as well as fiduciary relationships can co-exist but the exclusion clause would be effective only if the fiduciary relationship conforms to the terms of the contract. In other words it can be said that if the engagement letter expressly excludes the existence of fiduciary relationship then then there does not exist such relationship between the parties to the contract irrespective of the nature of the relationship they are into. (APESB 2017) The position of existence of fiduciary relationship lay in the case of Kelly vs. Cooper (1993) has been affirmed to an extent in the present case. Kelly vs. Cooper adjudged that a fiduciary can limit his duties towards beneficiary by expressly mentioning the exclusion clause in a contract which defines the relationship between the parties and the consequences of the exclusion clause are known to the fiduciary without ambiguity. (Swarb 2016) In case of absence of express contract between the parties to modify the duty fiduciary owes to the beneficiary, there can be an informed consent of the beneficiary to conduct the breach of the fiduciary duty. (McCabe 2007) In the present case there was a mandate letter which expressly excluded existence of fiduciary relationship between Citigroup and Toll. But Jacobson J for the purpose of record considered the existence of informed consent of toll to Citigroup for transaction in shares on his own account along with advisory services for the proposed takeover of Patrick. Jacobson J held that there was no express informed consent on behalf of Toll so there should be an implied consent on behalf of Tolls, as Toll had expertise in mergers and acquisitions according to its Chief financial officer and that it is the core competency of the company. Hence by virtue of existence of expertise it can be argued that Toll was unaware of Citigroups proprietary dealing in Patricks shares on the l atters own account. Therefore from the above discussion it can rightly be inferred that there was implied consent on behalf of Toll. Denied the plea of Insider Trading Court interpreted the term information under section 1042A of the Corporations Act, 2001 as that information could be non- specific information and the inference drawn from that information is also information. (High Court of Australia 2012) ASICs claim that the shares were sold while in possession of the material information and therefore breached the provision of insider trading could be effective if they were able to prove that the proprietor trader was an officer as per Section 9 of the Corporation Act. Court dismissed the claim of insider trading, stating that as per section 9 of the Corporations Act, proprietor trader of Patricks shares on behalf of Citigroup was neither a director nor he occupied a management position so as to be termed as an officer. In relation to the claim raised by ASIC with regard to the effectiveness of restriction on the flow of information by presence of Chinese wall the court observed that in accordance of Section 1043F of the Corporations Act, 2001 which refers to Chinese wall arrangements by bodies corporate, the Citigroups Chinese wall is in place and adequate. Section 1043F(b) does not mandate a standard of absolute perfection for Chinese wall, and for the said reason the court held that the Citigroups established arrangements were adequate so as to meet the requirements as laid in the section. Jacobson J held that Chinese walls are an important aspect of any strategy which is built to manage conflicts. Citigroups Chinese wall was effectively established which would efficiently restrict the flow of information between different departments, and it enabled protection of clients interest as there was protection of financial information from misuse. The English Law Commission report 1995 also established essentials of Chinese walls which included physical separation of the various departments of a body corporate, educational programmes emphasizing on the importance of non-disclosure of confidential information, procedures should be well defined and strict so as to enable to deal with situations in which the Chinese wall is to be crossed, effectiveness should be monitored, and sanctions to be imposed in case of breach. (Law Com No. 236 1995) Citigroup Chinese wall possessed all these essentials. Jacobson J also observed that mere laying down procedures is no sufficient there should be a willingness to understand the procedure and implement them in most of the contracts. In the present case the defense of Section 1043F of the Corporations Act, 2001 can be taken not only by establishing that the procedure and the Chinese wall established were in place rather it is to be proved that material information was not been communicated from one department to the other. The facts of the present case state that the terms of conversation held between the private side employees and the head of equities were with regard to the Proprietary trading of Patricks shares, and the private side was worried about the fact that the dealing would affect their conflict of interest in advising Toll for the proposed takeover bid, despite of the fact that the proprietor did not have knowledge of the takeover, (Jacobson 2007) and the conversation between head of equities and proprietary trader was oblique as the head of equities not inform the proprietor about the reason to stop trading in Patricks shares. (Ali Gregoriou 2008) So it can be asserted that material information was not communicated form the private department to the proprietary trader. So the Chinese walls should not only be at adequate place but they should be effective to deal with the situations of conflict of interest. Conclusion To conclude it can be asserted that in commercial relationships, the parties can expressly define their relationship in case it does not fall under established fiduciary relationships categorically as that it is not fiduciary in nature. It is prudent to expressly exclude the existence of fiduciary relation in the relationship clause. the confirms to the fact that the corporations can rely on the strategies of Chinese wall, contractual exclusion clause and informed consent so as to manage its conflict of interests. There are still more impetus required in the Chinese wall principle to disqualify the conflict of interests in commercial dealings. References (1995) Fiduciary duties and regulatory rules, [Online], Available: https://www.lawcom.gov.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/lc236.pdf [6 January 2017] (2007) Client update: Commercial litigation- ASIC fails in conflict of interst and insider trading case against Citigroup, [Online], Available: https://www.allens.com.au/pubs/ldr/cucljun07.htm [5 January 2017] (No Date) [Online], Available: https://www.apesb.org.au/uploads/meeting/board_meeting/20150310023920_attachment_3_(f)_apes_230_specific_comments_table_6.pdf [6 January 2017] Ali, P.U. and Gregoriou, G.N. (2008)Insider trading: Global developments and analysis. London: CRC ASIC. (2007) 07-171 Decision in ASIC v Citigroup, [Online], Available: https://asic.gov.au/about-asic/media-centre/find-a-media-release/2007-releases/07-171-decision-in-asic-v-citigroup/ [5 January 2017] Carvalho, A. (2008). Contracting out of fiduciary relationships in engagement letters: The Citigroup case. Trusts Trustees, 14(6), pp. 406-415 Commonwealth Director of Public Prosecutions. (2012) Annotated, [Online], Available: https://www.hcourt.gov.au/assets/cases/p61-2011/Kizon_Res1-Redact.pdf [5 January 2017] Ferguson, D Ma, C. (2014). Addisons contractual interpretation series- relationship clauses- can fiduciary obligations be avoided?, [Online], Available: https://www.addisonslawyers.com.au/knowledge/assetdoc/5566d4592c364479/Addisons%20Contractual%20Interpretation%20Series%20Relationship%20Clauses.pdf [5 January 2017] Hanrahan, P, F. (n.d.) ASIC v Citigroup: Investment banks, conflicts of interest, and Chinese walls, [Online], Available: https://law.unimelb.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0008/1709837/67-Hanrahan_-_ASIC_v_Citigroup1.pdf [5 January 2017] Jacobson, D. (2007) ASIC v Citigroup Decision: no conflict and no insider trading, [Online], Available: https://www.brightlaw.com.au/asic-v-citigroup-decision-no-conflict-and-no-insider-trading/ [5 January 2017] Jacobson, D. (2007) Australian Securities and Investments Commission v Citigroup Global Markets Australia Pty Limited (ACN 113 114 832) (No. 4) [2007] FCA 963, [online], Available: https://www.smh.com.au/pdf/ASICvCitigroup.pdf [6 January 2017] McCabe, B. (2007) ASIC v Citigroup and fiduciary obligations, [Online], Available: https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/ElderLRev/2007/5.pdf [5 January 2017] Ritchie, T. (2008) ASIC v Citigroup: An Amber Light for Proprietary Trading, [Online], Available: https://epublications.bond.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1010context=cgej [5 January 2017] Seeto, G. (2008) ASIC v Citigroup - The compliance implications, [Online], Available: https://www.claytonutz.com/knowledge/2008/january/asic-v-citigroup-the-compliance-implications [5 January 2017] Stringer, R Harkness, J. (2007) Citigroup what does it tell us that we didnt already know?, [Online], Available: https://www.google.com/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=webcd=1cad=rjauact=8ved=0ahUKEwjBkYzriq3RAhUDgI8KHYElC2wQFggbMAAurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.governanceinstitute.com.au%2Fmedia%2F409666%2Fcitigroup_conflict_management_august2007.pdfusg=AFQjCNEeIV-aiNy87d10zDgAhRnPTTcY6g [5 January 2017] Wilkinson, B. (2016) Kelly vs. Cooper and another PC 25 NOV 1992, [Online], Available: https://swarb.co.uk/kelly-v-cooper-and-another-pc-25-nov-1992/ [6 January 2017]

Kenya Attractiveness for Tourism

Kenya forms part of the Eastern Africa countries. It borders Sudan to the northwest, Indian Ocean to the southeast, Tanzania to the south, Uganda to the west and Ethiopia to the north. Kenya’s tourism is a valuable asset to the economy because it is the second largest source of foreign exchange earning.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Kenya Attractiveness for Tourism specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The touristic attractions in Kenya encompass wildlife, marine parks and reserves; historical buildings and monuments; the Great Rift Valley; snow-capped mountains; sports; cultures as well as sandy beaches along Indian Ocean. Conservation of natural resources forms the backbone of Kenyan tourism. Wildlife tourism accounts for almost 60 percent of total tourism revenue. Other tourism attractions such as sports tourism have lagged behind. Kenya has great runners who have dominated internationally the long distan ce races since time immemorial. Kenya has a reputation of producing award winning marathoners and steeplechase runners such as Moses Kiptanui, Kipchoge Keino, Tecla Loroupe, Catherine Ndereba and Samuel Wanjiru. These runners have dominated in global championships such as the Olympics competition, International Amarture Athletics Federation (IAAF), London Marathon, New York Marathon and so on. The reason given to the outstanding performance by Kenyan runners in long distance races is the location of the country within the tropics coupled with high altitude training areas. This has attracted athletes from other countries to come and train within the country. However, authorities such as Kenya Tourist Board have not taken immediate measures to tap this opportunity as sports tourism. The tourism authorities should earmark the high altitude areas used by local long distance athletes for sports facility development. The current facilities cannot adequately host international runners. Spo rts facilities should be fitted with state-of-the-art truck and field equipments; operated by properly trained management and meet proper dietary needs for athletes. Kenya recieves hordes of international tourists attracted by the wildlife parks and reserves. There are 56 national parks and reserves in Kenya. The parks are remotely located. Moreover, the cultures of people living near these parks and reserves are rich and not eroded; very little has been done to incoporate them into the tourism circuits.Advertising Looking for report on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Kenya’s coastal towns of Mombasa and Lamu have cultural sites of Mijikenda tribe called the Kaya Shrines. The cultural sites spread throughout the coastal region. These coastal towns are famously known for their marine life. Other similar scenerios are the pastoral community of the Maasai living near the famous Maasai Mara National R eserve and the Nchuri Njeke Cultural Council of the Ameru tribe found near the Meru National Park. Making cultural tourism vibrant increases opportunities for tourists to spend more within the country. Furthermore, authorities running tourism activities should not assume that all tourists are merely attracted to wildlife parks and reserves. Tourist trends have shown that they are increasingly willing to stay longer within the country than before. Take for instance, in 1985 the average tourist length of stay was arround 7 days but in 2000 it increased up to 13 days.The local people should be given an opportunity to showcase their cuisines, ceremonial rites, traditional knowledge, cultural dress codes et cetera. In the 1990s, there were a number of cases reported of international tourists murdered within country. This hit the international scene causing the rate of international tourists visiting the country to decline. This meant that there was a security lapse for the tourists. The situation was worsened by the occcurence of violence after the controversial presidential election held in December, 2007. This caused a decline in the number of tourists arriving in the country in 2008 by almost half, from over 273,000 in 2007. Conference tourism dropped by 87.4 percent compared to the figures of 2007. In addition to this, several countries issued travel advisories to tourists wishing to visit the country. This shows that the security guarantee for tourists is paramount. A way of ensuring tourists feel save, and deploy a special arm of the police force is called tourist police. This arm of police should be dedicated to ensuring that tourists are free of threats such as terrorism, serial killers or thuggery. This means that they should receive special training to suit the hospitality industry. However, Kenya has already shown signs towards this direction by initiating the diplomatic police. The diplomatic police mainly secure areas receiving international conference guests. One of the sites heavily guarded by diplomatic police is Gigiri, which is the international headquarters of United Nations Environment Program (UNEP).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Kenya Attractiveness for Tourism specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The diplomatic police have been successful in discharging duties since the international conference visitors have reported no major cases of insecurity. Tourist police would serve to secure Kenya’s coastal border towns of Lamu facing threats from Al shabaab Movement terorist gang from Somalia. Kenya as a tourist destination rivals even developed countries. However, its marketting tools are weaker than those of developed countries are. For instance, developed countries have visual appealing, content rich and user-friendly tourism marketing online tools, which call for developing countries like Kenya to dedicate more investments to win more internationa l tourists. This report on Kenya Attractiveness for Tourism was written and submitted by user Michaela Howe to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.